Day Thirteen - Capacitor Voltage-current Relations and Inductor Voltage-current Relations 4/13/2017

Today, we talked about two more basic component in electrical engineering Capacitors and Inductors.
Capacitors are to store energy (electrical) and oppose any abrupt change in voltage while inductors are to store energy (magnetic) and oppose any abrupt change in current. It is an important point to show that both capacitors and inductors are frequency sensitive.

Note: Capacitors can also be used as differentiator and integrator op-amps, and inductors are not useful tool to filter out because it has significant resistance.

Capacitive Reactance - It is the capacitor resistive value varying with applied frequency.

LAB - Capacitor Voltage-Current Relations:

Pre-Lab

This picture is our prediction of how the graph of capacitor voltage might look like with sinusoidal and triangular waves.

Lab Result

This one is the result for the sinusoidal input voltage with frequency = 1kHz, amplitude = 2V showing the value of the current.

This one is the result for the sinusoidal input voltage with frequency = 2kHz, amplitude = 2V

showing the value of the current.

This one is the result for the triangular input voltage with frequency = 100Hz, amplitude = 4V

showing the value of the current.

LAB - Inductor Voltage-Current Relations:

The prediction graph will be similar to the prediction graph in the capacitor lab.

Lab Result

This one is the result for the sinusoidal input voltage with frequency = 1kHz, amplitude = 2V showing the value of the current.

This one is the result for the sinusoidal input voltage with frequency = 2kHz, amplitude = 2V showing the value of the current.

Summary:
Today, we learned about the relations of capacitor and inductor with voltage and current.
We can see that as the applied voltage to a capacitor is a sinosidal wave, the current will also be sinosidal because of this equation: i = C (dv/dt). Similar to the capacitor, when the applied voltage to a inductor is a sinosidal wave, the current will also be sinosidal because of this equation: v = L(di/dt).